In the 2021 business year, Bosch achieved significant growth in sales and result despite a difficult environment. Sales revenue generated by the supplier of technology and services rose by 10.1 percent to 78.7 billion euros, and operating result (EBIT from operations) increased by more than half to reach 3.2 billion euros. The EBIT margin from operations improved to 4 percent, compared with 2.8 percent in the previous year. “The successful outcome of the 2021 business year bolsters our confidence as we tackle the challenging environment of the current year,” said Dr. Stefan Hartung, chairman of the board of management of Robert Bosch GmbH, at the presentation of the company’s annual figures.
Entering the 14-billion-euro market for hydrogen electrolysis – Bosch to invest nearly 500 million euros in this new area of business by 2030
One of the considerable uncertainties is the war in Ukraine and all its implications. The company takes its responsibility for its associates very seriously. At the same time, it has been providing extensive humanitarian assistance since day one, especially to relieve the suffering of refugees. “Where people are fighting to survive, our thoughts go out to them and we share their fears,” the Bosch chairman said. He added that war cannot solve political conflict. In his view, the current situation highlights the pressure on policymakers and society to become less dependent on fossil fuels and to vigorously pursue the development of new sources of energy. For this reason, he said, the Bosch Group is systematically continuing its efforts to mitigate global warming, despite the challenging economic environment. In addition, Hartung announced Bosch will be investing some three billion euros over three years in climate-neutral technology such as electrification and hydrogen.
Hartung believes the war will slow progress in reducing carbon emissions in the short term. Over the long term, however, it will accelerate the technological transformation in Europe. “Policymakers could take this as their cue to act with more determination – whether in providing incentives to make existing buildings more energy efficient, or in massively expanding renewable power generation,” Hartung said. He believes electrification is the fastest route to climate neutrality, provided it is based on green electricity. That is why Bosch is driving sustainable mobility forward: in 2021, the company’s orders relating to electromobility exceeded ten billion euros for the first time. But Hartung also stressed that hydrogen is needed as well. “Industrial policy should focus on making all sectors of the economy hydrogen-ready,” he said. “Electricity-based solutions have priority, but hydrogen-based solutions also need to gain more momentum. We’ll need both if we are to live sustainably on our blue planet.” At the same time, the Bosch chairman announced that, over the next three years, the company will be investing another ten billion euros in digitally transforming its business. “Digitalization also has a special role to play in sustainability – and our solutions start from this premise,” Hartung said. Examples of such solutions in the Bosch portfolio include the smart home energy manager and the connected manufacturing energy platform.
Outlook for 2022: High level of uncertainty in a challenging environment
The Bosch Group increased its sales by 5.2 percent in the first quarter. “We got off to a solid start in 2022. At present, we expect to exceed the 6 percent sales growth forecast in our annual report,” said Dr. Markus Forschner, member of the board of management and chief financial officer of Robert Bosch GmbH. “However, the considerable uncertainties we face mean it is still difficult to give a more accurate estimate for the current year as a whole.” According to Forschner, the company will not quite achieve its target of matching last year’s EBIT margin. Despite an expected increase in sales, this should be in the range of 3 to 4 percent. “The burden on our result is growing considerably, primarily due to increases in the cost of energy, raw materials, and logistics.” In the Mobility Solutions business sector in particular, cost pressure is currently very high – prices for certain raw materials have roughly tripled since 2020. “We must prepare for continued high prices and very volatile markets,” Forschner said. “It’s not just automakers that have to pass on price increases, but suppliers as well.”
In light of the current situation, Bosch has already significantly revised its expectations for the global economy. The company expects it to grow by just under 3½ percent this year – at the start of the year, it was still expecting roughly 4 percent. Its previous forecast for automotive manufacturing of some 88 million vehicles and the expected year-on-year increase of 9 percent will probably not be met either. Forschner sees the reasons for this in the resurgence in adverse effects from the coronavirus pandemic in China and the ongoing chip shortages. Overall, however, he remains confident: “Bosch will rise to the challenge of this difficult phase as well. What’s important here is to have pioneering products and a clear long-term strategic focus – and we have both.”
Hydrogen electrolysis: Entering a 14-billion-euro market
In the interest of effective climate action, Bosch is entering the components business for hydrogen electrolysis. The company plans to invest nearly 500 million euros in this new area of business by the end of the decade, half of it by the time of market launch, which is planned for 2025. “We have a broad basis from which to develop hydrogen technologies and want to advance hydrogen production in Europe,” Hartung said. “We expect the global market for electrolyzer components to amount to some 14 billion euros by 2030.” Bosch is supplying the stack – the core of the hydrogen electrolysis system – which combines with power electronics, sensors, and a control unit to create a smart module. The stacks for H2 generation are expected to go into production as early as 2025.
Sustainability: Social responsibility during shift to new energy sources
Bosch supports the European Union’s Green Deal and sees itself as bearing a special responsibility regarding sustainability: with its 400 company locations worldwide, Bosch has been carbon neutral since 2020. As for the quality of its carbon neutrality, the company is making better progress than anticipated. Bosch has already realized one-third of the energy savings that it set out to achieve by the end of the decade. “Sustainability is no longer a peripheral topic; it has to be part of the core business of every company,” said Filiz Albrecht, member of the board of management and director of industrial relations at Robert Bosch GmbH. Bosch’s corporate social responsibility encompasses the trio of economic, social, and ecological concerns. “It’s not easy to keep these three things in balance. In times of change, social responsibility for us means taking as many associates as possible with us into new areas of business.” As Albrecht pointed out, Bosch is developing climate-neutral technology primarily at locations that had previously produced combustion systems. Reskilling programs and the in-house job placement platform mean that a full 1,400 associates in powertrain operations have already taken on new jobs in fields such as software and electromobility. “By the end of the year, nearly 2,300 associates will be working on mobile and stationary fuel cells with almost all of them recruited internally,” Albrecht said, adding: “This is transformation – made by Bosch.” She also reported that the company intends to take on 10,000 new software engineers around the world this year.”
Thermotechnology: 300 million euros for the heat-pump business
“More than one-third of carbon emissions comes from buildings, so climate action has to take place in people’s homes as well,” said Dr. Christian Fischer. As deputy chairman of the board of management of Robert Bosch GmbH, he is also responsible for consumer goods and for energy and building technology. “The transition to alternative heating starts with the heat pump, ideally powered by green electricity.” More and more, the legal requirements for new buildings around the world reflect this: in Germany alone, for example, 65 percent of new heating systems will have to be powered by renewables by 2024. “Bosch will invest an additional 300 million euros in the heat-pump business by mid-decade,” Fischer said, adding: “The market will grow by an annual 15 to 20 percent between now and 2025. We aim to grow twice as fast as the market.” Bosch wants to do its part in existing buildings as well: with its hydrogen-ready gas-fired boilers, the company is easing the switch from natural gas heating systems to hydrogen ones. Moreover, by connecting and integrating building systems, Bosch is simultaneously moving closer to its goal of generating a greater share of recurring revenue from services. “In the building systems business, services already account for almost half of all sales,” Fischer said. “Our strategic objectives – helping shape climate action with technology and expanding our service business – complement each other.”
Industrial Technology: Energy efficiency through digitalization
In industrial production, Bosch is stepping up efforts to improve energy and cost efficiency in its factories. “Digitalizing industrial production makes a contribution to climate action,” said Rolf Najork, the member of the board of management of Robert Bosch GmbH who oversees the Industrial Technology business sector. “Thanks to connected energy management alone, we are reducing the annual energy consumption of our manufacturing operations by an average of 5 percent.” The Energy Platform from the Industry 4.0 portfolio is already in use in 80 customer projects and at 120 Bosch locations. At the same time, the Bosch Group is embracing electrification in its industrial technology, Najork added. The company expects 30 percent of mobile machinery to be electrified by 2030. This translates into an additional market volume for high-voltage systems worth 1.5 billion euros. Bosch also wants to advance electric driving through its industrial technology. “In a project unit with VW, we are working to establish a company that will equip battery-cell factories in Europe,” Najork said. “Our common objective is to be the cost and technology leader in systems for the volume production of batteries.” Experts expect battery-cell production technology to reach a cumulative market volume of 50 billion euros worldwide by 2030.
The transition to alternative mobility: Electrification with battery and fuel-cell powertrains
Bosch expects the EU’s Green Deal to provide a decisive boost to the electrification of road traffic. “All automakers are eager to secure the greatest possible share of the growing electric vehicle market,” said Dr. Markus Heyn, member of the board of management of Robert Bosch GmbH and chairman of the Mobility Solutions business sector. “Bosch sees itself as the number one supplier for electrical powertrains on the road.” A key technical task, he said, is to keep the powertrain, including the battery, at the right temperature and to provide the necessary climate comfort in the passenger compartment. Intelligent thermal management alone can increase the electric driving range by 25 percent, he pointed out. To this end, Bosch has developed a pre-integrated solution: the flexible thermal unit, or FTU. With the FTU, Bosch is tapping into a market that it expects will reach a volume of 3.5 billion euros by the end of the decade. For electric mobility based on fuel-cells, this year Bosch will start production of fuel cell powertrains for trucks. “At the Bamberg site, we aim to be producing stacks with a gigawatt output no later than the middle of the decade,” Heyn said. “By 2030, it should cost no more to operate a fuel-cell truck than a diesel – that’s our goal.” Bosch has once again increased its capital expenditure for mobile fuel cells, to almost one billion euros between 2021 and 2024.
The 2021 business year: Challenges overcome – despite cost pressure
“Overall, the Bosch Group rose well to the challenges of 2021,” Forschner said. “We were able to grow sales by 10.1 percent and increase our EBIT from operations by more than 50 percent.” Bosch achieved all this despite the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, continued supply bottlenecks for semiconductors, and raw materials prices that were already significantly higher. “In addition to our good sales figures, our extensive cost-cutting measures have also paid off,” Forschner said. “Our orientation to the future is also reflected in our sound financial result.” The Bosch Group’s research and development cost held steady at 6.1 billion euros (2020: 5.9 billion euros) and capital expenditure rose slightly to 3.9 billion euros (2020: 3.3 billion euros). Research and development cost focused on electromobility and driver assistance systems, as well as on electrification in industry and heating technology. The equity ratio improved further by 1.3 points, rising to 45.3 percent.
The 2021 business year: Development by business sector
All business sectors contributed to this positive business development. The Mobility Solutions business sector, which generates the highest sales, recorded an increase in sales of 7.6 percent to reach 45.3 billion euros. After adjusting for exchange-rate effects, this was equivalent to 7.9 percent growth. Following the previous year’s loss, the business sector achieved a slightly positive result with an EBIT margin from operations of 0.7 percent. “Mobility Solutions is particularly exposed to chip shortages and is having to prepare for profound changes in mobility,” Forschner added. “At the same time, the sector is making substantial upfront investments in electromobility and automated driving, and has already had to assume significantly higher costs for raw materials and logistics.” He said that the Industrial Technology business sector benefited from the recovery of key mechanical engineering markets and was able to increase sales by 18.9 percent to 6.1 billion euros. After adjusting for exchange-rate effects, this was equivalent to 19.4 percent growth. Its EBIT margin came to 8.4 percent. After a strong showing last year, the Consumer Goods business sector was able to increase its sales again, this time by 12.7 percent (14.4 percent after adjusting for exchange-rate effects) to 21 billion euros. The sector again achieved a double-digit (10.2 percent) EBIT margin from operations. The Energy and Building Technology business sector grew its sales by 7.8 percent, or 8.8 percent after adjusting for exchange-rate effects. With total sales of 5.9 billion euros, the sector’s improved EBIT margin amounted to 5.1 percent. As Forschner pointed out: “Our climate-friendly heating technology made a major contribution to those successful numbers.”
